All you need to know
Technical Information for Sea2Soil

Application Guide

Sea2soil feeds soil micro-organisms populations. The micro-organisms release nutrients from the soil, which feed the crop plants. This can take time, depending on the soil conditions (temperature, moisture) over the course of the crop’s life. Therefore, it is better to apply the product while the crop is young. This gives as much of an advantage as possible, when the crop really needs it.

Optimal application timings

Apply early in the crop’s life, to get the soil micro-organisms going as soon as possible.

Spray in 100-200L/ha of water.

Winter timings

Winter cereals

Spray 10L/ha pre-emergence, or as soon after drilling as possible.

Follow up with 10L/ha early in the Spring, as soon as you can travel. It is better to spray while the crop leaf area is small – Possible split 5L/ha@GS30 + 5L/ha@GS31/32

Winter oilseed rape

Spray 10L/ha pre-emergence, or as soon after drilling as possible.

Follow up with 5L/ha in the Autumn (4-6 leaves). Then a further 5L/ha in the Spring before stem elongation.

Spring timings

Spring cereals, oilseed rape

Spray 10L/ha on backward cereal crops as soon as possible.

Spray 10L/ha pre-emergence, or as soon after drilling as possible on OSR

Follow up with 5 or 10L/ha before stem elongation on winter cereals.

Compatibility list for Sea2Soil

1 Summary

The objective of the study was to evaluate the physical compatibility of Sea2Soil as a tank mixture with various registered products / adjuvants.

Physical compatibility tests were conducted using the dynamic laboratory test of the physical compatibility of tank mixtures as devised by ASTM International, method E1518-05 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Physical Compatibility of Pesticides in Aqueous Tank Mixtures by the Dynamic Shaker Method.

The results have been interpreted in strict accordance with the published method, under the parameters of this practice, the results will define whether the pesticide mixture is or is not compatible in the laboratory, compatibility or incompatibility in the field should be confirmed under field conditions.

The results are presented in full in Section 4.

2 Materials and Methods

2.1 Significance and Use

This practice is designed for researchers, applicators, and end users of pesticides where one or more ingredients are being mixed into an aqueous spray system. The practice is useful in determining physical compatibility of aqueous spray mixtures of pesticides and/or fertilizers.

The practice is not designed to determine physical compatibility of non-aqueous based spray mixtures.

The results or the testing should be used to determine the compatibility of the mixture ingredients in dynamic applications. Interpolation of static results to the expectations of the results of this test is not encouraged.

2.2 Scope

This practice describes the method for the evaluation of the physical compatibility and stability of pesticide tank mixtures diluted for aqueous application. This practice may also be adapted to use with liquid fertilizers in replacement of the water diluent.

Tank mix compatibility can be affected by many variables. Care should be taken to duplicate test conditions.

This practice addresses the standard variables such as time, temperature, water hardness, method of agitation, and degree of agitation.

Compatibility is complex and can be affected by other variables such as order of addition, pH of the dilution water, pumping shear, etc. Under the parameters of this practice, the results will define whether the pesticide mixture is or is not compatible in the laboratory. Compatibility or incompatibility should also be confirmed under field spray conditions.

Proper safety and hygiene precautions must be taken when working with pesticide formulations to prevent skin or eye contact, vapour inhalation, and environmental contamination.

Read and follow all handling instructions for the specific formulation and conduct the test in accordance with good laboratory practice.

The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2.3 Summary of Practice

In this practice, pesticides are diluted in water and tank mixed at specific application rates. Evaluations are conducted under dynamic conditions. Pesticides are mixed and kept under agitation by a mechanical shaker running at 385 oscillations per minute. Evaluations are conducted at chosen water hardnesses and temperatures. Compatibility is measured in terms of the dispersion stability and screen residue.

Pesticides being examined for mixing compatibility should be evaluated individually as controls.

Order of Addition-Pesticides should be tank mixed as recommended on the product label. If the order of the addition is not specified, then all possible orders of addition should be tested. The following is a general guide: (1) water soluble concentrates, (2) water dispersible granules (dry flowables), (3) wettable powders, (4) liquid flowables, and (5) emulsifiable concentrates.

This practice, E1518-05 (Reapproved 2019), is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on Pesticides, Antimicrobials and Alternative Control Agents and is the direct responsibility of subcommittee E35.22 on Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems.

2.4 Reagents

Purity of Reagents

Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such specifications are available.

Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.

Purity of water

Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by type IV of Specification D 1193.

Synthetic hard water stock

To be made following the instructions given in the ASTM method. This mixture is equivalent to ppm calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and is based on a compositional ratio of 4:1 calcium carbonate to magnesium carbonate.

2.5 Test and Reference Item(s)

2.6 Procedure

Dynamic Shaker Method

1. 100ml water of desired hardness less the total amount of pesticide specified in points 2 and 4 was transferred into a 120ml (4oz) jar.
   Note 1 - Temperature was maintained a 25 +/- 20C throughout the test.
2. A specified amount, according to the product label directions, of the first pesticide was added to the jar. Liquid pesticides were delivered with a pipette and solid pesticides were weighed in.
3. The jar was swirled to ensure that the first pesticide was well dispersed.
4. A specified amount, according to the product label directions, of each additional pesticide was added to the jar used in point 1. Delivered as in point 2. After each pesticide addition, the jar was capped and swirled sufficiently to disperse the mixture.
5. The jar was placed in the shaker. The jar was perpendicular and at an approximately 45° angle to the horizontal shaft of the shaker.
6. The jar was shaken for 30 minutes at 385 oscillations per minute.
7. The jar was removed from the shaker and swirled; the contents was poured immediately through a 50- mesh (300 micron) sieve. An observation was made for residue remaining both on the sieve and in the jar, amount and type were recorded as described in Section 3.
8. The jar was rinsed with two 50ml portions of test water, each was poured through the 50-mesh sieve. An observation was made for residue as in point 7.
9. The contents was discarded in a safe manner.

3 Reporting of Results

The results of this practice are reported as either compatible or incompatible;

Compatible - The formulation of a well-dispersed mixture of pesticides in water. No non-rinsable residue found on the 50-mesh sieve or remaining on bottle walls should be considered compatible.

Incompatible - Separation of the mixture of pesticides in water where flocculation, coagulation, gel or curd found during or at the end of the test that will not re-disperse nor pass through the 50-mesh sieve should be considered incompatible. Any residue as described previously found remaining on the bottle should be considered incompatible.

4 Results of Test

This report details the result of a dynamic laboratory test of the physical compatibility of tank mixtures as devised by the ASTM International Method E1518-05 Standard Practice for Evaluation of Physical Compatibility of Pesticides in Aqueous Tank Mixtures by the Dynamic Shaker Method.

The results have been interpreted in strict accordance with the published method, resulting in a compatible or incompatible result. The ultimate decision whether the difference in the mixture represents a significant change from the products tested alone rests with the Sponsor, and should be confirmed with field based tests.

Product Data Sheet

Sea2Soil™ is a hydrolysed liquid fertiliser produced from farmed salmon (Salmo salar) in accordance with Regulation (EU) 1069/2009. Characterised by a uniform nutritional composition of naturally occurring nitrogen, minerals, trace elements and amino acids, Sea2Soil™ enhances soil biology naturally and improves nutrient absorption, promoting plant growth and soil health. Naturally high in fat content it also promotes the growth of beneficial fungi which perform important functions within the soil in relation to nutrient cycling, disease suppression and water dynamics.

Application

A farmer is preparing for a spring herbicide application in a cereal crop field. They plan to apply Glyphosate (to control perennial weeds) and Stomp Aqua (to prevent germination of annual weeds) at the same time. Based on Eurofins’ compatibility testing, they know that these products can be mixed with Sea2Soil in the same tank. The farmer must:

Instructions for use, handling and storage

Safety Precaution

Shelf Life

The product is stable for a minimum of 12 months when stored under recommended storage conditions.

Declaration & Restrictions

• Category 2 Animal By-Product (originating from aquatic animals).
• Produced in accordance with Method 7 of Commission Regulation (EU) 142/2011; Annex IV; Chapter IV, K.
• Not for animal or human consumption.
• The raw materials and processing aids used during the manufacture of this product are non-GMO.

Disclaimer: Any recommendations provided by Pelagia (UK) Limited, or its Distributors are advice only. As no control can be exercised over storage, handling, mixing, application or use, or weather, plant, or soil conditions before, during or after application (all of which may affect the performance of the product), no responsibility for, or liability for any failure in performance, losses, damages, or injuries (consequential or otherwise), arising from such storage, mixing, application, or use will be accepted under any circumstances whatsoever. Pelagia (UK) Limited recommend you contact an Agronomist prior to product application. The Buyer assumes all responsibility for the use of any Pelagia (UK) Limited products.

Sea2Soil announces results of recent studies with NIAB and The University of Nottingham

Pelagia UK’s fish hydrolysate brand, Sea2Soil, is excited to announce key findings from its 2024 season farm-set trials and non-replicated conventional study in collaboration with the National Institute of Agricultural Botany (NIAB) and The University of Nottingham, respectively.

Testing Sea2Soils’ efficacy against cabbage stem flea beetle (CSFB) damage as well as its impact on worm count, pH, carbon retention, moisture, porosity, and organic matter, these trials have proven that Sea2Soil can:

• Reduce CSFB damage to cotyledons by 32%
• Reduce CSFB damage to leaves by 90%
• Reduce CSFB damage to stems by 59%
• Increase earthworm numbers by 1.85M worms/Ha - 5 times the control
• Increase Soil Organic Matter content to 9.1% vs 6.7% (control soils)
• 1.2% increase in soil carbon content

Beginning at the start of the 2024 season, the non-replicated conventional study took place at The University of Nottingham’s test farm - where Sea2Soil had been applied in its recommended dose for three years (brackets removed), to gather data on Sea2Soil’s impact on worm count, pH, carbon retention, moisture, porosity, and organic matter - while trials were being run at NIAB’s greenhouse testing facility - where Sea2Soil was tested as a deterrent to cabbage stem flea beetle.

Grant James, Business Development Manager at Sea2Soil, said: “We are very excited about these results and are keen to move forward with our distribution plan. Sea2Soil is a very active fish hydrolysate, produced in Scotland from responsibly resourced unused fish by-products and delivered directly to farms throughout the UK. To be able to take this ground-breaking product out to distributors backed by proven data is invaluable.”

Dr Nick Girkin from The University of Nottingham, added: “These results indicate substantial impacts for Sea2Soil on soil physical, chemical and biological properties, likely to benefit crop production. We have identified significant increases in earthworm abundance organic content, pH, soil moisture and porosity.”

Adrian Harris BS, MSc from NIAB, commented: “Sea2Soil showed a significant reduction in the feeding of cabbage stem flea beetles on cotyledons within 2 days of application – several different rates showed a reduction in feeding damage up to 7 to days after application and may convey cover until they senesce.”

Dr Geraldine Fox, Technical Director at Pelagia Ltd, concluded: “We see Sea2Soil as far more than a natural source of nitrogen, but as a soil prebiotic that leads to a healthier soil environment, and better crop health with an increase in microbial activity. For the past three years, we have been refining our process to produce this product, a product we can proudly say delivers on yield responses, reduces reliance on chemical inputs and is farmer friendly, as backed by research.”

The Results in More Detail:

Cabbage Stem Flea Beetle

Conducting greenhouse trials NIAB has been comparing the effects Sea2Soil treated soil has on plant tissues (cotyledons, leaves, stems) from one to 22 days after treatment vs untreated soil. NIAB found:

• At its peak on day 7, cotyledons showed a 32% reduction in feeding scars

Earthworm Count

The research found that:

• Sea2Soil soils had an average earthworm count of 9.0 vs the control soils at 1.6, which is 5 times the number of earthworms

Playing an essential role in agriculture due to their noted key functions - soil aeration, nutrient recycling, improved soil structure, microbial activity stimulation and carbon sequestration; earthworms likely recognising the amino acids and fatty acids in Sea2Soil soil as an easily digestible and nutritious food source.

Soil Porosity and Organic Matter

A critical property of soil that refers to the volume of pore spaces between soil particles, which can be filled with air or water, the size and distribution of these pores have significant implications for various soil functions including maintaining a balance of water, air, and nutrients within the soil, all of which are essential for plant growth, soil health, and the overall functioning of terrestrial ecosystems.

The research demonstrated that soil that had been treated with Sea2Soil was more porous at the surface, and lower depths, far beneath the compaction ridge that forms during conventional farming methods.

During these trials, it was also discovered that soils treated with Sea2Soil saw a significant increase in soil organic matter content at 9.1% vs the control soils at 6.7%.

Soil Carbon Content

With attention around soil carbon content and capture only increasing, playing a critical role in agricultural sustainability and climate mitigation, this phase of research took the time to analyse and explore any potential impact Sea2Soil has.

• Sea2Soil soils had a soil carbon content of 4.65% a significant increase on the control soils at 3.45% (p = 0.003)

These findings are particularly exciting, with the change of 1.2% actually being a substantial shift considering the comparatively short time period Sea2Soil has been detectable in the soil.

Following the announcement of this exciting data, Sea2Soil will be continuing its work with both the Nottingham University Soil Department and NIAB into 2025 to further explore the capabilities of the product through replicated studies as well as extended field trials, respectively.

In light of these results, Sea2Soil is also excited to announce it has new opportunities available for distributors to join their network. Any interested parties are encouraged to register their interest with Grant at grant.james@pelagia.com or by calling 07976 879646.